Mobile Network Operator. Also known as a wireless service provider, wireless carrier, cellular company, or mobile

network carrier. Is a provider of wireless communications services that owns or controls all the elements necessary to

sell and deliver services to an end user including radio spectrum allocation, wireless network infrastructure, back haul

infrastructure, billing, customer care, provisioning computer systems, and marketing and repair organizations. In

addition to obtaining revenue by offering retail services under its own brand, an MNO may also sell access to network

services at wholesale rates to mobile virtual network operators. A key defining characteristic of a mobile network

operator is that an MNO must own or control access to a radio spectrum license from a regulatory or government

entity. A second key defining characteristic of an MNO is that an MNO must own or control the elements of the network

infrastructure necessary to provide services to subscribers over the licensed spectrum.